× PREFACE
  CHAPTER 1
What is Academic English?
  CHAPTER 2
Academic Vocabulary
  CHAPTER 3
Useful Sentence Structures and Language for Academic Writing
  CHAPTER 4
Paraphrasing, Summarising and Quoting
  CHAPTER 5
Paragraph Structure
  CHAPTER 6
Common Academic Text Structures



Home > Chapter 3: Useful Sentence Structures and Language for Academic Writing

Chapter 3: Useful Sentence Structures and Language for Academic Writing

3d: Adjective Phrases and Clauses

  • Adjective phrases
  • Adjective clauses
  • Relative pronouns with fronted prepositions
  • Reduced relative clauses


 Activity 12

Complete the passage with the following relative pronouns/adjective clauses. Use each answer ONCE only. Choose a cross ‘X’ if no word is needed. One of them has been done as an example.

who in which that is fun and affordable
in summer which are affordable who cannot afford
suffering from joint pain needed for swimming (e.g.) for those who want to stay healthy


Swimming (i) is a favourite pastime for most people and it is an excellent form of exercise (e.g.) for those who want to stay healthy and burn calories.

Swimming, (ii) a type of aerobic exercise, can also result in a reduction in stiffness and joint pain. People (iii) share that swimming is much better than other forms of sports like running as it is easier on the joints. In addition to the benefits it brings, swimming also attracts people (iv) expensive equipment. The equipment (v) is no more than just a swimsuit and maybe a pair of goggles, (vi) to most people.

Some public pools, (vii) “fun pools” with special designs and water toys are built, provide excitement and enjoyment for the public (viii) no longer regard swimming as a mere form of exercise. If you are looking for a sport (ix) , swimming could be an option for you.